**TRANSDUCER**
A transducer is an electrical device which converts one form of energy to another. Transducer deals with different types of energies such as mechanical, light energy, chemical, thermal, acoustic, and electromagnetic energy. A transducer converts a signal in one form of energy into a signal in another. Transducers are used in automation, measurement, and control systems the process of converting one form of energy into another form is known as transduction the best example of a transducer is a mic which we use in our mobile phones that converts sound into electrical signals and then amplified it into preferred range. Then alters the electric signals into audio signals at the output of the loudspeaker.
TRANSDUCER CHARACTERISTICS
- Accuracy
- Precision
- Resolution
- Sensitivity
- Drift
- Linearity
- Conformance
- Span
- Hysteresis
- Distortion
- Noise
These are the characteristics of a transducer that are determined by examining the output response of a transducer to a variety of input signals.
TYPES OF TRANSDUCER
PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCER
This is a special kind of sensor, and the main function of this transducer is to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. And then electrical into mechanical energy
It is used to detect the stick drum impact in electronic drum pads. And also used in muscle movement checking which is known as acceleromyography it can also be used as a knock sensor in automotive engine management systems for noticing knock of the engine.
PRESSURE TRANSDUCER
This transducer alters the pressure forced into electrical signals.it is also called as manometers, indicators, piezometers, transmitters and pressure sensors.
It is used to measure pressure of the specific quantities like gas or liquids by changing the pressure into electrical energy its main application is amplitude sensing depth sensing, flow sensing, and leak testing these transducers can be used for generating electric power under the speed breakers on the highways of the roads where the force of the vehicle can be converted into electrical energy.
TEMPERATURE TRANSDUCER
This is an electrical device that is used to convert temperature of the device into another quantity like electrical energy pressure or mechanical energy then the quantity will be sent to the control device for controlling the temperature of the device. It is used to check the temperature of the air so that we can control the temperature of several control systems like air conditioning, heating ventilation and so on
ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCERS
This transducer will convert electrical signals to ultrasound waves. It can also be used to measure the distance of the sound based on reflection. By the help of this transducer, we can find areas which are hard to find like high pressure or high-temperature areas
This system uses 8051 microcontroller, power supplies, an ultrasonic transducer module that includes transmitter and receiver,
if any obstacle or any object is found that is detected by ultrasonic transducer, then it will reflect back from the object and transducer will receive these waves the time used by the transducer for transmitting and receiving the waves can be noted by considering the velocity of the sound then based on the sound velocity and by the help of microcontroller the distance is measured and will be displayed on the LCD display
APPLICATIONS
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Applications of transducer some are used in medicine as sonograph machines in the medical field and there are others which are used in music recording
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Transducers are used in complex mechanical systems and even in safety systems like train brakes
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Used to determine the movement of muscle which is called acceleromyograph.
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Measures the load on the engines
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Used to sense engine knock
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It is used to measure the pressure of gas & liquid
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The transducer is used in the ultrasound machine. It receives the sound waves of the patient by emitting their sound waves and pass the signal to the CPU.
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It is used in speaker for converting the electric signal to acoustic sound
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Used in antenna for converting electromagnetic waves as electric signals