Fire sprinkler system element and classification of installation area

What is a fire sprinkler system?

A sprinkler system is a system that serves to extinguish fires in a building. The installed sprinkler system is expected to minimize and slow down the spread of fires in the building. Types of sprinkler systems, namely dry-pipe systems, wet pipe systems, deluge systems, pre-action systems, and dry-pipe and pre-action combination systems.

Elements of fire sprinkler system:

Water pumping system:

There are three different types of pumps used in fire sprinkler system: electrical pumps, jockey pumps and diesel pumps

The fire pump serves to pump water from a water source so that it can flow towards the pipes.

The jockey pump functions to stabilize water pressure in a hydrant installation. The jockey pump works when the water discharge pressure drops between 4 and 6 bars. If you have exceeded the limit, the jockey pump will stop working.

The electric pump functions the same as a jockey pump only with greater ability. In other words, if the jockey pump stops working because it has exceeded the limit, the jockey pump will stop working. The electric pump functions the same as a jockey pump only with greater ability.

The diesel pump has the same function as the other two pumps, except that the diesel pump has the advantage that it can work if the voltage supply is cut off by using a generator set to supply electricity.

Sprinkler head:

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Fire sprinkler heads are water transmitter that works after a bulb rupture due to heat caused by a fire.

Pressure switch:

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Contact tool that works in accordance with the settings that have been made and there is a change in pressure.

Safety valve & Pressure reducing valve:

Safety valve are used as pressure relief tool and Reducing valve as pressure barrier tool.

Manometer:

Tools for reading pressure

Time delay relays:

Relay tool that works based on the set time.

Classification of Area of sprinklers:

Low fire hazard area:

Buildings or parts of buildings that have low quantity and fireproof of building contents and the speed of release of heat from low fires. Examples are schools, hospitals, museums, libraries, offices, residence, restaurant, theater and auditorium seating area.

Medium fire hazard area:

This type consists of two groups, namely:

Group I is a building or part of a building that has a quantity and the combustion of the contents of a building, and a heap of objects flammable no more than 8 ft (2.4 m), the speed of heat release from medium heat. For example car parks, bakeries, manufacturing drinks, canning, milk processing, electronics factories.

Group II is a building or part of a building that has the quantity and combustion of medium building contents, and heaps of flammable objects no more than 12 ft (3.7 m). For example clothing factories, library books, printing, and tobacco factories.

High hazard area:

Buildings or parts of buildings that have the quantity and fires of the contents of tall buildings and have liquids, powders, fabrics, or other flammable objects. This type consists of two groups, namely:

Group I is a high fire hazard that does not or only contains a liquid that is flammable or combustible.

Group II is a high fire hazard that contains liquids that are flammable or that are combustible in moderate amounts.